الاتجاهات الاجتماعية: مقاربة سيكوسوسيولوجية في المفهوم، والبنية، وآليات التغيير

This article provides a synthetic review of social attitudes within the field of social psychology. It begins with a methodological introduction that situates this discipline between psychology and sociology, emphasizing the dynamic interaction between subjectivity and objectivity, as well as the methodological distinction between external description and indirect measurement. The text then analyzes the complex structure of attitudes through their three dimensions—cognitive, affective, and behavioral—while highlighting their adaptive functions in shaping self-awareness and worldviews. It also explores how attitudes are expressed through the internalization of stereotypes, particularly in the phenomenon of the self-fulfilling prophecy. In addition, the review discusses the procedural challenges of measuring attitudes and examines the role of social and structural factors in the development of the authoritarian personality. Finally, it considers the variables of persuasion (source, message, and recipient), the mechanisms of behavioral change, and proposes a four-stage framework for managing public encounters and shaping public opinion.