من اقتصاد التحويلات إلى استثمار الكفاءات العابرة للحدود: نحو مدخل سوسيولوجي بديل لتشغيل الشباب وتحقيق التنمية المستدامة بالريف

This presentation examines a prominent developmental paradox in Morocco's Rif region: the continuous influx of massive financial remittances alongside fragile local productive structures, escalating youth unemployment, and declining entrepreneurial initiative. Drawing on a critical sociological assessment of the traditional "remittance economy," the paper illustrates how allocating over 70% of remittances to daily consumption and non-productive real estate has fostered a "migration-dependency syndrome" and a culture of waiting, while reducing the migrant's agency to financial capital alone.

Conversely, the paper advocates leveraging intergenerational mobility through "transnational competencies" endowed with knowledge and network capital capable of fostering brain circulation rather than brain drain, provided that local institutional frameworks are reformed and mutual trust is restored. Finally, operational policy mechanisms are outlined: launching participatory regional investment funds, activating transnational mentorship networks, establishing sustainable incubators (eco-agriculture, renewable energies, digital economy), and digitizing institutional mediation to transform migration from a mere source of foreign currency into a genuine engine for technology transfer and territorial youth empowerment.